Shenzhen originally started from Bao An County, which
has a long history. As early as the Neolithic Age there
were human beings living and multiplying here. In Qin
Dynasty, it belonged to Panyu County. In Jin Dynasty
Bao An County was established, and the name and the
jurisdiction has undergone several changes. It was not
until the Republic of China was it named Bao An County,
and the name has stuck since liberation. In history
the County was called the "front post of Guangdong
Province", and it has a revolutionary tradition.
During the Opium War, Lin Zexu deployed troops here.
The Gengzi Uprising at Sanzhoutian led by Dr. Sun Yat-sen
was launched at Sanzhoutian Village, Shadoujiao Township
of Shenzhen. In the War of Resistance Against Japanese
Aggression, the Dongjiang Column that inspired awe in
South China got started and carried on here. The County
was liberated on October 15, 1949. In 1949 it was changed
into Shenzhen City. In August 1980, the Special Economic
Zone was established . In July 1981 the City was elevated
to the vice-governor's level. In October 1988, Shenzhen
was approved by the State Council as a singly listed
city.
Shenzhen
is a beautiful coastal city. The geographical position
is favorable, and it is the only one city neighboring
on Hong Kong, thus being an important passage linking
Hong Kong and the inner land. The total area is 1948.
69 square kilometers, of which the SEZ area is 327.
5 square kilometers. Shenzhen verges on Dapeng Bay
in the east, joining the outlet of the Pearl River
in the west, with Hong Kong in the south, and Dongguan
and Huizhou in the north. The topography is high in
southeast, low in southwest; most of the land is low
hilly terrace, interposed with gentle slopes. The
west is coastal plain. The major river is Shenzhen
River, 35 kilometers long. The rainfall of many years
have been 1933 mm. There are 23 kinds of discovered
mineral resources, and 81 mineral spots. Some part
of it have been proved to be of industrial storage.
The climate of Shenzhen is oceanic of the subtropical:
the annual average temperature is 22.4 C°. There are
flowers and green lawns all the year round.
Shenzhen
now exercises jurisdiction over 6 districts at county
level, namely: Luohu, Futian, Nanshan and Yantian
within the SEZ, and Bao An, Longgang, outside the
Zone. The Municipality is seated in Futian District.
In 1992, two changes were realized that was from rural
villages to city, from farming people to city inhabitants.
Shenzhen is a city of immigrants. In the end of 2001,
the total population was 4.6876 million, of which
the registered residents were 1.3204, the temporary
population was 3.3672 million. The city flower is
the azalea.
There
are rich material resources in Shenzhen with great
quantity of farm produce like "three yellow chickens"
of Longgang, litchi of Nantou, peaches of Nanshan,
pears of Shiyan, mandarin orange of Jingui, square
persimmons of Guanghua. .Inhabiting there are protected
wild animals at the state level such as tiger-striped
frogs, boas, monkeys, zibets, leopards, and pangolins.
The coastal line is 230 kilometers long, with rich
aquatic products. Oysters of Shajing is a local specialty
in Shenzhen.
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